Optimization on Mobile Devices in Cellular Network | Energy Optimization on Mobile Devices in Cellular Network | Optimizing for Mobile Networks

There is a rapid growth of cellular network applications in the most recent years thanks to the constant increase of the processor power of mobile devices and the transmission bandwidth of cellular networks. The capacity of batteries, however, grows at much lower speed and the limited battery life has become the bottle-neck of enhancing the user experience of mobile applications.

Energy conservation is often supported by existing wireless MAC protocols with different features.
 In  Universal Mobile Telecommunications System(UMTS) network -one of the most popular 3G mobile  communication technologies, the radio of a mobile device follows a radio resource control (RRC) echanism, and the radio does not turn to a low power state immediately after data transmissions. Instead, a radio will stay at the high power state and wait for the expiration of an inactivity timer. If no transmission occurs during that period, it will then switch to the low power state. This period is defined as tail time and the corresponding energy consumption is called tail energy. The tail time is designed to avoid high signaling
overhead of the 3G radio access network [1], and the tail time is also introduced in 4G LTE networks  recently. If a large amount of tail time is introduced, however, the energy- efficiency will deteriorate sharply.
3G Mobile Network